Things to analyze in a material before designing concrete mix as per Indian guidelines

Hello, I'm going to describe and discuss things to be done before designing concrete mix. In this article, various test and parameters required while designing the concrete mix.The mix design is prescribed as per Indian guidelines IS 10262-2009.

The parameter required for designing concrete mix

  • To determine Specific gravity of fine aggregate (sand), coarse aggregate (crushed stone/blue metal), cement, fly ash (if necessary).
  • To determine Water absorption of fine aggregate, coarse aggregate 
  • To determine fine aggregate and coarse aggregate zone. 
Note: Water absorption of aggregate is required if you prepare mix design in OD(oven dry) condition. Coarse Ag (w<1%) and Fine Agg<1.5%). If we prepare mix design in SSD( saturated surface dry) condition, water absorption truly NOT REQUIRED

Whichever material is considered in mix design, the Laboratory tests should compulsory check and applied to the mix design.
CEMENT
    • Specific gravity-Le Chatelier Flask, using by dilute with kerosene instead of water due to better wetting agent and non polar liquid which does not cause plasticity.
    • Consistency test - Vicat apparatus is used for determining initial and final setting time 
FLY ASH
    • Specific gravity- Le Chatelier Flask ,using by dilute with kerosene instead of water due to better wetting agent and non polar liquid which does not cause plasticity.
 
Pycnometer 
 
Vicat Apparatus
 
Sieve Apparatus
 
Le Chatelier Flask
FINE AGGREGATE
    • pycnometer apparatus - used to determine both specific gravity and water absorption by dilute with normal water 
    • Sieve analysis test - used to determine specific zone level (From 1 to 4) by using the formulae called fineness modulus 
      • sieve size ranges as 4.75 mm,2.36 mm, 1.18 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.15 mm.
COARSE AGGREGATE
    • water absorption & specific gravity test is similar to that of fine aggregate test but large volume container should be used.
    • Sieve analysis test - used to determine specific zone level (From 1 to 4) by using the formulae called fineness modulus
      • sieve size ranges as 80 mm,40 mm, 20 mm, 12.5mm, 10mm 
Note: Determining zone level for both fine and coarse aggregate by using guidelines as per IS:383

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